Global Burden of Airborne Respiratory Infections

Respiratory infections wreak havoc on global health, causing millions of illnesses, hospitalizations, and widespread absenteeism in schools and workplaces each year, leading to significant economic and social impacts. Vulnerable populations—including children, the elderly, immunocompromised individuals, and those with chronic respiratory conditions—are at heightened risk of severe infections and complications. Many respiratory infections primarily spread through airborne transmission and target the nasal passages, making them particularly difficult to avoid. Environments such as schools, airplanes, nursing homes, and other crowded spaces present the greatest challenges for breaking the chain of transmission due to shared air, close contact, and prolonged exposure.